Gusikana microscope ya electron yakoreshejwe kugirango harebwe kuvunika umunaniro no gusesengura uburyo bwo kuvunika; icyarimwe, ikizamini cyo kunaniza umunaniro cyakozwe ku ngero za decarburize ku bushyuhe butandukanye kugirango ugereranye ubuzima bwumunaniro wibyuma bipimisha hamwe na decarburisation, no gusesengura ingaruka za decarburisation kumikorere yumunaniro wicyuma. Ibisubizo byerekana ko, kubera kubaho icyarimwe okiside na decarburisation mugihe cyo gushyushya, imikoranire hagati yibi byombi, bikavamo umubyimba wurwego rwuzuye rwa decarburize hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe byerekana inzira yo kwiyongera hanyuma igabanuka, ubunini bwurwego rwuzuye rwa decarburize rugera ku gipimo ntarengwa cya 120 mkm kuri 750 ℃, naho ubunini bwurwego rwa decarburize bwuzuye bugera ku gipimo ntarengwa cya 20 mm kuri 850 and, kandi umunaniro w’ibyuma bipima ni MPa 760, kandi inkomoko yumunaniro wacitse mubyuma bipimisha cyane cyane Al2O3 idafite ibyuma; imyitwarire ya decarburisation igabanya cyane ubuzima bwumunaniro wibyuma bipimisha, bigira ingaruka kumikorere yumunaniro wicyuma cyipimisha, uko umubyimba wa decarburisiyonike, niko ubuzima bwumunaniro bugabanuka. Kugirango ugabanye ingaruka ziterwa na decarburisation kumikorere yumunaniro wibyuma bipima, ubushyuhe bwiza bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwicyuma bugomba gushyirwaho 850 ℃.
Ibikoresho ni ikintu cyingenzi cyimodoka, kubera imikorere kumuvuduko mwinshi, igice cya meshing yubuso bwigikoresho kigomba kugira imbaraga nyinshi no kurwanya abrasion, kandi umuzi w amenyo ugomba kuba ufite imikorere myiza yumunaniro bitewe nuburemere burigihe, kugirango wirinde gucikamo ibintu biganisha kubintu kuvunika. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko decarburisation ari ikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kumikorere ya spin igoramye yibikoresho byicyuma, kandi imikorere yumunaniro wa spin ni ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyerekana ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, bityo rero birakenewe kwiga imyitwarire ya decarburisation hamwe no kuzunguruka umunaniro ukabije wibikoresho byipimishije.
Muri iyi nyandiko, itanura ryo gutunganya ubushyuhe kuri 20CrMnTi ibyuma byerekana ibyuma bya decarburisation, gusesengura ubushyuhe butandukanye bwubushyuhe bwikizamini cya decarburisation yimbaraga zimbitse zamategeko ahinduka; ukoresheje QBWP-6000J imashini yipimisha umunaniro woroshye kumupima wikizamini cyizunguruka cyunaniza umunaniro, kugena imikorere yumunaniro wibyuma, kandi mugihe kimwe no gusesengura ingaruka za decarburisation kumikorere yumunaniro wibyuma byikizamini kugirango umusaruro nyirizina utezimbere inzira yo kubyaza umusaruro, kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa no gutanga ibisobanuro bifatika. Ikizamini cyumunaniro wicyuma kigenwa na spin yunamye imashini igerageza umunaniro.
1. Ibikoresho byo gupima nuburyo
Ibikoresho byo kwipimisha kugirango bitange ibyuma bya 20CrMnTi, ibyingenzi byingenzi bigize imiti nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 1. Ikizamini cya decarburisation: ibikoresho byikizamini bitunganyirizwa muri F8 mm × 12 mm ya silindrike, ubuso bugomba kuba bwiza butagira ikizinga. Itanura ryo kuvura ubushyuhe ryashyutswe kugeza kuri 675 ℃, 700 ℃, 725 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1.000 ℃, mu cyitegererezo hanyuma ugafata 1 h, hanyuma ukonjesha ikirere kugeza ubushyuhe bw’icyumba. Nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwikigereranyo mugushiraho, gusya no gusya, hamwe na 4% ya acide ya nitric acide yumuti w’isuri, gukoresha microscopi metallurgical metallurgical metallurgical meteque kugirango harebwe igipimo cyicyuma cyitwa decarburisation, gipima ubujyakuzimu bwa decarburisation mubushyuhe butandukanye. Ikizamini cyo kunaniza umunaniro: ibikoresho byo kwipimisha ukurikije ibisabwa byo gutunganya amatsinda abiri yikigereranyo cyumunaniro, itsinda rya mbere ntirikora ikizamini cya decarburisation, itsinda rya kabiri ryikizamini cya decarburisation mubushyuhe butandukanye. Ukoresheje imashini igerageza umunaniro wo gupima umunaniro, amatsinda abiri yicyuma cyipimisha mugupima umunaniro wo gupima umunaniro, kugena imipaka yumunaniro wamatsinda abiri yibyuma bipima, kugereranya ubuzima bwumunaniro wamatsinda abiri yibyuma bipimisha, gukoresha scanne electron microscope umunaniro wo gucika intege, gusesengura impamvu zitera kuvunika kwicyitegererezo, kugirango umenye ingaruka za decarburisation yimiterere yumunaniro wibyuma bipimisha.
Imbonerahamwe 1 Ibigize imiti (igice kinini) cyicyuma cyipimisha wt%
Ingaruka yo gushyushya ubushyuhe kuri decarburisation
Imiterere ya organisation ya decarburisation munsi yubushyuhe butandukanye irerekanwa ku gishushanyo cya 1. Nkuko bigaragara kuri iyo shusho, iyo ubushyuhe ari 675 ℃, ubuso ntangarugero ntabwo bugaragara; iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse bugera kuri 700 ℃, icyitegererezo cyo hejuru ya decarburisation cyatangiye kugaragara, kubutaka bwa ferrite yoroheje; hamwe n'ubushyuhe buzamuka bugera kuri 725 ℃, icyitegererezo cy'ubuso bwa decarburisation cyiyongereye cyane; 750 thickness decarburisation layer layer igera ku giciro cyayo kinini, muri iki gihe, ingano ya ferrite irasobanutse neza, yuzuye; iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse bugera kuri 800 ℃, umubyimba wa decarburisation watangiye kugabanuka cyane, umubyimba wacyo wagabanutse kugera kuri kimwe cya kabiri cya 750 ℃; iyo ubushyuhe bukomeje kwiyongera kugera kuri 850 ℃ kandi ubunini bwa decarburisation bwerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 1. 800 ℃, umubyimba wuzuye wa decarburisation watangiye kugabanuka ku buryo bugaragara, umubyimba wacyo wagabanutse kugera kuri 750 ℃ igihe kimwe cya kabiri; iyo ubushyuhe bukomeje kwiyongera kugera kuri 850 ℃ no hejuru, ibyuma bipima ibyuma byuzuye bya decarburisation bikomeza kugabanuka, igice cya decarburisation yububiko cyatangiye kwiyongera buhoro buhoro kugeza igihe morfologiya yuzuye ya decarburisation yose yazimye, igice cya decarburisation layer morphologie kigaragara buhoro buhoro. Birashobora kugaragara ko ubunini bwurwego rwa decarburize yuzuye hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe bwabanje kwiyongera hanyuma bigabanuka, impamvu yibi bintu biterwa nicyitegererezo mugikorwa cyo gushyushya icyarimwe imyitwarire ya okiside na decarburisation, gusa iyo igipimo cya decarburisation cyihuta kuruta umuvuduko wa okiside bizagaragara decarburisation phenomenon. Mugutangira gushyushya, ubunini bwurwego rwuzuye rwa decarburize bwiyongera buhoro buhoro hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe kugeza igihe umubyimba wurwego rwuzuye rwa decarburize ugera ku giciro kinini, muriki gihe kugirango ukomeze kuzamura ubushyuhe, igipimo cya okiside cyihuta kuruta igipimo cya decarburisation, kibuza kwiyongera kwurwego rwuzuye rwa decarburize, bikavamo inzira yo kumanuka. Birashobora kugaragara ko, mubipimo bya 675 ～ 950 ℃, agaciro k'ubugari bwurwego rwuzuye rwa karubarike kuri 750 ℃ nicyo kinini, kandi agaciro k'ubugari bw'igice cyuzuye cyuzuye kuri 850 ℃ ni gito, kubwibyo, ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya ibyuma bipimisha birasabwa kuba 850 ℃.
Igishushanyo.1 Histomorphologie ya decarburized layer yicyuma gipima ubushyuhe butandukanye bwa 1h
Ugereranije na kimwe cya kabiri cya decarburize, ubunini bwurwego rwuzuye rufite ingaruka mbi cyane kumiterere yibintu, bizagabanya cyane imiterere yubukorikori bwibikoresho, nko kugabanya imbaraga, ubukana, kwambara birwanya no kugabanya umunaniro , nibindi, kandi kandi byongere sensibilité kumeneka, bigira ingaruka kumiterere yo gusudira nibindi. Kubwibyo, kugenzura ubunini bwurwego rwa decarburize byuzuye bifite akamaro kanini kunoza imikorere yibicuruzwa. Igishushanyo cya 2 cyerekana gutandukanya umurongo wubugari bwurwego rwuzuye rwa decarburize hamwe nubushyuhe, byerekana itandukaniro ryubugari bwurwego rwuzuye neza. Birashobora kugaragara uhereye ku gishushanyo ko ubunini bwurwego rwa decarburize yuzuye ari nka 34 mm gusa kuri 700 ℃; hamwe n'ubushyuhe buzamuka bugera kuri 725 ℃, ubunini bwurwego rwuzuye rwa decarburize bwiyongera cyane kuri 86 mkm, ibyo bikaba birenze inshuro ebyiri z'ubugari bwurwego rwuzuye kuri 700 ℃; iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse bugera kuri 750 ℃, ubunini bwurwego rwa decarburize yuzuye Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse bugera kuri 750 ℃, umubyimba wurwego rwa decarburize wuzuye ugera ku gipimo ntarengwa cya 120 mkm; uko ubushyuhe bukomeje kwiyongera, ubunini bwurwego rwa decarburize bwuzuye butangira kugabanuka cyane, kugeza kuri 70 mm kuri 800 ℃, hanyuma kugeza ku giciro gito cya 20μm kuri 850 ℃.
Igishushanyo.2 Ubunini bwurwego rwuzuye mubushyuhe butandukanye
Ingaruka ya decarburisation kumikorere yumunaniro mukuzunguruka
Mu rwego rwo kwiga ku ngaruka za decarburisation ku miterere y’umunaniro w’ibyuma byo mu mpeshyi, hakozwe amatsinda abiri y’ibizamini byo kunaniza umunaniro, itsinda rya mbere ryagerageje umunaniro mu buryo butaziguye, kandi itsinda rya kabiri ryari ibizamini by’umunaniro nyuma ya decarburisation kuri stress imwe. urwego (810 MPa), kandi gahunda ya decarburisation yakozwe kuri 700-850 ℃ kuri 1 h. Itsinda rya mbere ryikigereranyo ryerekanwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 2, aribwo buzima bwumunaniro wibyuma byamasoko.
Ubuzima bw'umunaniro w'itsinda rya mbere ryikigereranyo bwerekanwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 2. Nkuko bigaragara ku mbonerahamwe ya 2, nta decarburisation, ibyuma byipimisha byakorewe gusa inzinguzingo 107 kuri 810 MPa, kandi nta kuvunika kwabayeho; iyo urwego rwo guhangayika rwarenze 830 MPa, zimwe murugero zatangiye gucika; iyo urwego rwo guhangayika rwarenze 850 MPa, ingero z'umunaniro zose zacitse.
Imbonerahamwe 2 Ubuzima bwumunaniro murwego rutandukanye (nta decarburisation)
Kugirango hamenyekane igipimo cy’umunaniro, uburyo bwitsinda bwakoreshejwe kugirango hamenyekane umunaniro wibyuma bipimisha, kandi nyuma yisesengura ryibarurishamibare ryamakuru, urugero rwumunaniro wibyuma bipima ni MPa 760; murwego rwo kuranga ubuzima bwumunaniro wibyuma bipimisha munsi yibibazo bitandukanye, umurongo wa SN urategurwa, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3, urwego rutandukanye rwimyitwarire ihuye nubuzima bwumunaniro utandukanye, mugihe ubuzima bwumunaniro bwa 7 . Birashobora kugaragara ko umurongo wa S - N ari ngombwa muguhitamo ubuzima bwumunaniro wibintu bifite agaciro gakomeye.
Igicapo 3 SN umurongo wikigereranyo cyicyuma kizunguruka igerageza umunaniro
Ubuzima bw'umunaniro w'itsinda rya kabiri ryikigereranyo bwerekanwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 3. Nkuko bigaragara ku mbonerahamwe ya 3, nyuma yuko ibyuma byipimishije bimaze gucibwa mu bushyuhe butandukanye, umubare wizunguruka uragabanuka, kandi zirenga 107, kandi zose urugero rwumunaniro rwacitse, kandi ubuzima bwumunaniro buragabanuka cyane. Ufatanije nuburinganire bwavuzwe haruguru hamwe nubushyuhe bwo guhindura ubushyuhe burashobora kugaragara, 750 thickness decarburized layer layer nini nini, ihuye nagaciro gake mubuzima bwumunaniro. 850 ℃ decarburized layer layer ni ntoya, ijyanye numunaniro ubuzima ubuzima buri hejuru. Birashobora kugaragara ko imyitwarire ya decarburisation igabanya cyane imikorere yumunaniro wibikoresho, kandi uko umubyimba wa decarburize ubyibushye, niko ubuzima bwumunaniro bugabanuka.
Imbonerahamwe 3 Ubuzima bwumunaniro mubushyuhe butandukanye bwa decarburisation (560 MPa)
Umunaniro wavunitse morphologie yikigereranyo wagaragajwe no gusikana microscope ya elegitoronike, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 4. Igishushanyo cya 4 (a) agace kavukire, igishushanyo gishobora kugaragara umunaniro arc ugaragara, ukurikije arc umunaniro kugirango ubone isoko y'umunaniro, urashobora kuboneka, inkomoko y "amafi-ijisho" idashyizwemo ibyuma, kwishyiriraho byoroshye gutera intumbero yo guhangayika, bikaviramo gucika intege; Igishushanyo cya 4 (b) kubijyanye no kwaguka ahantu hagaragara morphologie, urashobora kubona imirongo igaragara yumunaniro, yari imeze nkikwirakwizwa ryinzuzi, ni iyivunika rya quasi-dissociative, hamwe nibice byagutse, amaherezo bikaviramo kuvunika. Igishushanyo cya 4 (b) cyerekana morphologie y’ahantu ho kwaguka, imirongo igaragara y’umunaniro irashobora kugaragara, muburyo bwo gukwirakwiza imigezi, ikaba ari iy'imvune ya quasi-dissociative, hamwe no kwaguka kwagutse, amaherezo bikaviramo kuvunika .
Isesengura ry'umunaniro
Igishushanyo.4 SEM morphologie yumunaniro wavunitse hejuru yicyuma cyubushakashatsi
Kugirango hamenyekane ubwoko bwibisobanuro ku gishushanyo cya 4, hakozwe isesengura ry’ingufu zerekana ingufu, kandi ibisubizo bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 5. Birashobora kugaragara ko ibyinjijwe bitari ibyuma ahanini byinjizwamo Al2O3, byerekana ko ibyarimo nisoko nyamukuru yimvune iterwa no gushiramo.
Igicapo 5 Ingufu Spectroscopy Yibintu bitari ibyuma
Umwanzuro
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(2) Umunaniro ntarengwa wo kugerageza ibyuma bizunguruka ni 760 MPa.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-21-2024